భారతదేశంలో వ్యవసాయం

భారతదేశంలో పంట కాలాన్ని మూడు విధాలుగా వర్గీకరించారు. అవి

1. ఖరీఫ్ పంట కాలం
2. రబీ పంటకాలం
3. జైద్ పంటకాలం

జూన్ నెల నుంచి అక్టోబర్ వరకు సాగయ్యే పంటలను ఖరీఫ్ పంటలు అంటారు. ఈ కాలంలో పండే ప్రధానమైన పంటలు వరి, జొన్నలు, మొక్క జొన్న, పత్తి,చెరకు, నువ్వులు, సోయాబీన్, వేరు శనగ. అక్టోబర్ నుంచి మార్చి, ఏప్రిల్ వరకు సాగయ్యే పంటలు - గోధుమ, బార్లీ, మినుములు, ప్రొద్దు తిరుగుడు, ధనియాలు, ఆవాలు మొదలైనవి. మార్చి నుంచి జూన్ వరకు సాగయ్యే పంటలు - పుచ్చకాయలు, దోస కాయలు, కూరగాయలు, మొదలైనవి.

Agriculture in India

Agriculture in India, the preeminent sector of the economy, is the source of livelihood of almost two thirds of the workforce in the country. The contribution of agriculture and allied activities to India's economic growth in recent years has been no less significant than that of industry and services. The importance of agriculture to the country is best summed up by this statement: "If agriculture survives, India survives".

History of agriculture in INDIA

Wheat, barley, and jujube were domesticated in the Indian subcontinent by 9000 BCE; Domestication of sheep and goat soon followed.

Origin of Agriculture

History of agriculture

Agriculture was developed at least 10,000 years ago, and it has undergone significant developments since the time of the earliest cultivation. Evidence points to the Fertile Crescent of the Middle East as the site of the earliest planned sowing and harvesting of plants that had previously been gathered in the wild. Independent development of agriculture is also believed to have occurred in northern and southern China, Africa's Sahel, New Guinea and several regions of the Americas. Agricultural practices such as irrigation, crop rotation, fertilizers, and pesticides were developed long ago but have made great strides in the past century. The Haber-Bosch method for synthesizing ammonium nitrate represented a major breakthrough and allowed crop yields to overcome previous constraints. In the past century, agriculture has been characterized by enhanced productivity, the replacement of human labor by synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, selective breeding, and mechanization. The recent history of agriculture has been closely tied with a range of political issues including water pollution, biofuels, genetically modified organisms, tariffs, and farm subsidies. In recent years, there has been a backlash against the external environmental effects of mechanized agriculture, and increasing support for the organic movement and sustainable agriculture.